Here is a historical fact-check regarding the United States government's Indian Removal policy of the 1830s, focusing on the forced removal of the Cherokee known as the Trail of Tears.

**1. Explain the Indian Removal Act of 1830 and President Andrew Jackson's role.**

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was a federal law that authorized the President to negotiate treaties with Native American tribes for the purpose of relocating them from their ancestral lands east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the river. President Andrew Jackson was the primary driving force behind this policy, advocating for the removal based on the belief that Native American presence on white lands was an obstacle to westward expansion and economic development.

**2. Explain *Worcester v. Georgia*, the Treaty of New Echota, Cherokee opposition to the treaty, and the eventual forced removal.**

*Worcester v. Georgia* (1832) was a Supreme Court case where Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that the Cherokee Nation had recognized sovereignty and that the state of Georgia could not unilaterally infringe upon their rights. The ruling affirmed the Cherokee Nation's status as a distinct political entity. Despite this ruling, the Cherokee Nation signed the Treaty of New Echota in 1835, which ceded their lands in exchange for a payment and a promise of a reservation. A minority faction within the Cherokee Nation, known as the Treaty Party, signed this treaty, leading to the subsequent forced removal of the majority of the Cherokee people.

**3. Give historically supported estimates for the